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The causes and harms of urban black and foul water bodies in China are urgent for the treatment of black and odorous rivers

2017-08-14 16:50:21    

I. causes of urban black and odorous water bodies
At present, most studies on black and odorous water bodies are concentrated on the black and foul index and the treatment of black and foul odor. In order to solve the problem of black and foul in urban water, we must first clarify the formation conditions of black and foul water.
1. domestic sewage
With the city residents living standards improve, city sewage emissions increased rapidly, due to sewage not fully connected sewer and wanton emissions, a part of sewage into the nearby river. Sewage in the oxygen consumption of organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus into the water, regardless of whether there is sufficient dissolved oxygen, degradation in the suitable water temperature will be under aerobic or anaerobic microbial actinomycetes, emissions from different types of smelly substances, exacerbated the city black smelly water level.
2. industrial wastewater
Untreated industrial wastewater treatment or non-compliance of the waste water directly discharged into the city river water, removal of malodorous substances and organic pollutants has also been aerobic actinomycetes or anaerobic microorganisms, emissions from different types of smelly substances, long before the guide causes the river organic pollution is serious, widespread water black odor phenomenon.
3. livestock manure
In recent years, the animal husbandry has developed rapidly in our county, and the large-scale farming households and breeding professional cooperatives have increased year by year, and the pollution of livestock and poultry has come along with them. Almost all livestock and poultry breeding plants are built in the construction of livestock and poultry manure treatment facilities, resulting in livestock and poultry waste water without any disposal, pollution near the river.
4., farmland chemical fertilizer pollution
In the agricultural production activities, the heavy use of pesticides and fertilizers, resulting in nitrogen and phosphorus, pesticides, heavy metals or inorganic substances, from the non specific region, the precipitation and runoff erosion, through farmland runoff, drainage and underground leakage, so that a large number of pollutants into the water near the river, to a certain extent accelerate the eutrophication of the water surface.
5. surface runoff
With the acceleration of urbanization, the increase of impervious surface areas such as roofs, streets, parking lots and so on in cities, suburbs and so on, these surfaces enrich many different kinds of pollutants. During precipitation, these surfaces promote the formation of surface runoff, carry a variety of pollutants, and eventually enter the channel and other receiving water bodies.
6. sediment pollution
When the water body is polluted, some pollutants accumulate over time and fall into the sediment of the water by sedimentation or adsorption with the particles. Sediment is regarded as the final storage place of pollutant. Under the constant accumulation and accumulation, the concentration of pollutants in sediment is often several orders of magnitude higher than that in overlying water. The sediment pollution impact on river water quality in a very long time, pollutants in the sediment and overlying water dynamic balance with an adsorption and release of the overlying water, once the environment changes, pollutants will be through degradation, adsorption, dissolution, microbial decomposition effect in sediment, re released into the water, produce "two pollution". At the same time, under acidic and reducing conditions, methane and nitrogen produced by anaerobic fermentation led to the rise of sediment, which was also one of the important reasons for black and foul water.


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